Ernst Herzfeld (1879-1948)
1899-1914
Baalbeck (Lebanon): Fortified Walls of the Citadel: View of Arabic Inscription No. XV, in Naskhi Mameluke Script

Black & white glass negative
Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives
Local numbers: FSA A.6 04.GN.3785, Gift of Ernst Herzfeld, 1946, Identifier: FSA.A.06, Item FSA A.6 04.GN.3785
 
Handwritten notes accompanying related print in photo file 14, vol. 2 reads, "Baalbek. Inscr. XV."
 
Additional information from Finding Aid reads, "Subseries 4.14: Photo File 14 (2 vols.), "Syria: Architecture & Inscriptions," Subseries 4.14.1: vol. 1; Image No. 132 (Negative Number: 3785). Baalbek. Inscription. XV, detail of No.119."
 
Additional information from staff reads, "Under the Ayyubids (1175-1250) and the Mamluks (1279-1516), Baalbek witnessed a revival of its political and economic role. To defend the city from crusader attacks, the Ayyubids built a citadel on the site of the temples of Jupiter and Bacchus, which continued to be used during the Mamluk period. Of this citadel and the town that existed within, the fortification wall, a gate, the towers and a mosque remain. Outside the fortified citadel, the old Shiite Mosque, the great and the small Ras al-Ain Mosques, Qubbat al-Amjad, Qubbat Douris and Qubbat as-Saadin were constructed."
 
LL/113617