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Names: | Other: Abd al-Ghaffar Other: Abdoel Ghaffar Other: Abdul Ghaffar Other: Dr. C. Snouck Hurgronje Other: Dr. Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Other: Haji Abdul Ghaffar
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| Dates: | 1857, 8 February - 1936, 26 June | Born: | The Netherlands, Oosterhout | Died: | The Netherlands, Leiden | Active: | Indonesia (Dutch East Indies) / Saudi Arabia | Dutch scholar of the Orient and a prolific writer on Aceh and Islam. Dutch orientalist, scholar of Islam, colonial adviser, professor of languages and Islamic studies. Fluent in Arabic he obtained permission in 1884 to attend the pilgrimage to Mecca in 1885. He visited Arabia and the holy city of Mecca in 1884-1885 being one of the first Western scholars to do so and published the classic work "Mekka" (2 volumes, 1888-1889). Two albums of his photographs exist the first of which is rare and includes early photographs of Mecca.
Warning: The photographs of Mecca that are usually credited to Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje were taken by Al-Sayyid ‘Abd al-Ghaffar (active 1880s), a physician and eye doctor from Mecca, and this is revealed by the Arabic calligraphy on the photographs that Hurgronje removed from his publications.
A. Vrolik, 2013, "An Early Photograph of the Egyptian Mahmal in Mecca Reflections on Intellectual Property and Modernity in the Work of C. Snouck Hurgronje" in V. Porter and L. Saif (eds), 2013, The Hajj: Collected Essays (London), pp. 206-213Preparing biographies
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