| 1848 | Europe
| Known as the Year of Revolutions in Europe with the Chartist uprising in London and the establishment of the Second Republic in France with bloody riots. [Read about] |
| 1848 | Global | Communist Manifesto published |
| 1857 | Asia • India
| The Indian Mutiny |
| 1858 | North America • Mexico | Civil War starts in Mexico and Benito Juárez (1806–1872) is elected president. |
| 1859 | Europe | The Austro-Sardinian War is fought between the French under Napoleon III and the Kingdom of Sardinia under Victor Emmanuel II on the one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire on the other. The campaigns and battles (Montebello 20 May, Palestro 30 May, Magenta 4 June and Solferino 21 June) are photographed by Luigi Sacchi and Béraldy amongst others. |
| 1861 | North America • USA
| Fort Sumter in Charleston is fired on by Confederate guns commencing the hostilities of the American Civil War (1861-1865). The fort surrenders after 33 hours of shelling and miraculously nobody on either side was killed or seriously injured. (12 April 1861) [Read about] |
| 1861 | North America • Mexico | French forces are defeated in Mexico at the Battle of Peubla. |
| 1861 | Africa • West Africa | British establish a colony at Lagos in west Africa |
| 1861 | Europe • Italy | Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy brought about by the Risorgimento. |
LuminousLint 
@LuminousLint
