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| 1. |  | Camille Silvy 1863-1864 Camille Silvy (Self portrait) Carte de visite Paul Frecker Silvy's daybooks, held in the archives of the National Portrait Gallery, show seventeen self-portraits taken at the studio during his time in London. Some of these show him alone, some in the company of his wife or mother, while two show him in fancy dress. This portrait, however, does not appear in the daybooks, so it probably dates to the period covered by the missing volume, meaning that it was taken some time between July 1863 and June 1864. Stylistically, the backdrop and the properties in this portrait fit with that assumption. |
| 2. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Antonio Giuglini, tenor Carte de visite Paul Frecker The series of theatrical portraits that Silvy made at the onset of his London career do not appear in the first volume of the daybooks, as all the sittings between numbers 100 and 300 were removed, along with, from the other volumes, almost all the portraits with a theatrical connection. This was done some time before the daybooks were acquired by the National Portrait Gallery in 1904. Many of these portraits subsequently reappeared, floated off their original mounts, and are today held at the Theatre Museum in Covent Garden. One of Silvy's printed catalogues from 1861 has survived, and in this, the sitting numbers are given next to the names of the sitters, so it is possible to reconstruct, partially, the missing pages of volume one. No dates are given in volume one, but since volume two begins at the start of September 1860, anything in volume one can be dated earlier in that year. Actually, the series of theatrical portraits can be dated a little more specifically, since many of the sitters appeared in productions or concerts that were advertised in the classified columns of the Times. For example, Marietta Piccolomini's first appearance of the year was at Brighton on 16 February, while Signor Belleti's was at the Saint James's Hall on 22 February. Signor Giuglini, however, didn't appear in London until the start of the season at Her Majesty's Theatre on 10 April, also the date that the season at Covent Garden began that year, and therefore the approximate date of Signor Gardoni's arrival in London. (Paul Frecker) Antonio Giuglini (1827-1865) - Italian tenor Antonio Giuglini was born at Fano in 1827. Giuglini had training in Italy and is known to have performed at Bologna in 1849, Venice and Genoa in 1856, and at Madrid, Spain in 1858-59. although His teachers voice teachers are not known. Giuglini first appeared in London in 1857 at Her Majesty's Theatre and performed Riccardo in "Balla en Manchera," Rudulfo in "Luisa Miller," and Arrigo in "Les Vepres Sililiennes." Among the divas whom he appeared with were Therese Tietjens, Marietta Piccolomini, and Jean de Reszke. He also appeared in Verdi's opera Il Trovatore with the infamous Adelina Patti. He was highly popular in Dublin. Giuglini had a short career as his sanity failed and he died at age thirty-eight in the asylum at Pesaro, Italy on 12 October 1865. (Kindly contributed by T. Max Hochstetler, June 2007) |
| 3. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Marietta Piccolomini, soprano Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 4. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Giovanni Belleti, baritone Carte de visite Paul Frecker Giovanni Battista Belleti (1813-1890) - Italian baritone Belleti was born at Sarzana, Italy on 17 February 1813. His early history in his native country was not found, but he was in England appearing at Her Majesty's Theatre by 1849. James Henry Mapleson formed an opera tour company in that year and recruited Belleti for the opera troupe. Mapleson took over the management of Her Majesty's Theatre in 1862 and continued to include Belleti the operas performed there. Phineas T. Barnum was great admirer of the singer Jenny Lind who was well known at Her Majesty's Theatre and Giovanni Belleti often appeared with her. Barnum persuaded Jenny Lind to come to America for tour in 1885-86, offering her a lucrative contract of 15,000 pd. sterling plus full expenses for transportation, room & board for her, a friend, and domestic aides. The tour contract was for 150 concerts or oratorios to be given in America and Havanna, and once Barnum broke even on the 15,000 pd. sterling she was to receive one-fifth of the profits. Giovanni Belleti was a part of the contract and he was to be paid 2500 pd. sterling plus all traveling expenses and hotel bills. In addition, Lind brought musical director and pianist, Julius Benedict who was paid 5,000 pd. sterling plus all expenses. Barnum was required prepay all the money before the party left for America. Giovanni Belleti was known to have appeared as soloist at the Handel Festival held at The Crystal Palace in July 1862. The huge iron and glass architectural facility built for the London Exposition of 1850-51 was fitted with enormous sound boards mounted to the glass walls and ceiling to accomodate a huge orchestra, an enormous chorus, and the soloists. Giovanni Belleti died at his home in Sarzana on 27 December 1890. (Kindly contributed by T. Max Hochstetler, June 2007) |
| 5. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Prosper Santon, violinist and composer Carte de visite Paul Frecker The French violinist and composer Prosper Sainton married the English contralto Charlotte Helen Dolby in early 1860. The date of their marriage is another pointer that helps with the reconstruction of the sequence of the missing theatrical portraits in the first volume of Silvy's daybooks. |
| 6. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Charlotte Dolby, contralto Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 7. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Louise Leclercq, actress Carte de visite Paul Frecker The actresses Carlotta and Louisa Leclercq were two of the children of Charles Leclercq, who was, according to one source, 'for many years favourably known in dramatic circles in Manchester and London as a skilful ballet-master, pantomimist, and stage-manager, and also, actor in a certain range of parts.' A third sister, Rose, also followed a theatrical career, as did their three brothers, Arthur, Charles and Pierre. |
| 8. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Carlotta Leclercq, actress Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 9. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Carlotta Leclercq, actress Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 10. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Miss Charlotte Saunders in 'William Tell' Carte de visite Paul Frecker Charlotte Saunders appeared as 'William Tell' in Francis Talfourd's Tell, or The Strike of the Cantons, at the Strand Theatre from 26 December 1859 to the end of March 1860. |
| 11. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Miss Martha Oliver in 'The Bonnie Fishwife' Carte de visite Paul Frecker From at least as early as July 1860, Miss Martha Oliver was appearing in the title role of Charles Selby's The Bonnie Fish Wife at the Royalty Theatre, London. |
| 12. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Miss Louise Swanborough in 'the Loves of Arcadia' Carte de visite Paul Frecker Miss Louisa Swanborough appeared in Mary Elizabeth Braddon's The Loves of Arcadia, first performed on 12 March 1860 at the Strand Theatre. The production was last advertised in the Times on 5 May 1860. |
| 13. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Johnny Clark and Jimmy Rogers in 'the Goose with the Golden Eggs' Carte de visite Paul Frecker Johnny Clarke and Jimmy Rogers appeared as 'Mr Flickster' and 'Mr. Turby' in The Goose with the Golden Eggs, a one-act play by Augustus Mayhew and H. Sutherland Edwards, which ran at the Royal Strand Theatre, London, from September 1859 to May 1860. |
| 14. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Frederick Robson in Boots at the Swan Carte de visite Paul Frecker Frederick Robson appeared at the Royal Olympic, London in Boots at the Swan which was advertised three times in the Times: on 10 May 1859; on 6 November 1860; and on 10 November 1860. |
| 15. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Frederick Robson in Retained for the Defence Carte de visite Paul Frecker Frederick Robson appeared as 'Pawkins' in Retained for the Defence at the Royal Olympic, London. The production was only advertised once in the Times, on 7 October 1859. |
| 16. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lydia Thompson in 'Middy Ashore' Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Queen of Burlesque, Lydia Thompson, seen here as 'Harry Halcyon' in Middy Ashore. |
| 17. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lydia Thompson in 'The Forty Thieves' Carte de visite Paul Frecker Lydia Thompson as 'The Captain' in Forty Thieves. Miss Thompson was appearing in this production and in Middy Ashore simultaneously at the Lyceum in April 1860. |
| 18. |  | Camille Silvy n.d. Adelina Patti in Martha Carte de visite Paul Frecker The series of portraits that Silvy made of the great Anglo-Italian soprano Adelina Patti shows her in at least twelve different operas, including 'Dinorah' and 'Don Pasquale,' 'Lucia de Lammermoor' and 'La Somnambula,' 'La Fille du Régiment' and "L'Elixer d'Amour,' 'Le BarbiÞre de Seville' and 'Don Pasquale,' 'Martha' and 'Don Juan.' (Paul Frecker) Adelina Patti (1843-1919) - Soprano Adelina Juana Maria Patti was born to a Sicilian father and Italian mother on 19 February 1843 in Madrid, Spain. She was the fourth of six chidren born into family highly involved in opera. The family moved to New York in 1847 for opera employment opportunities. Adelina as she was now known made her first appearance on the stage at age seven. At age sixteen in 1859 she made operatic debut in Donizetti's "Lucia." Her vocal range, bell-like clarity and professionalism won her critical acclaim and soon she was being offered leading soprano roles in operas by Bellini, Donizetti, Rossini, Verdi and other Italian composers. The large Italian community in New York helped to elevate her to star status in short time. In 1861, at the age of eighteen, Adelina was invited to Covent Garden in London to take the role of Amina in Bellini's "La Sonnambula." She purchased a house in Clapham, south of London and later appeared in Paris and Vienna. Patti sang "Home Sweet Home" for Abraham and Mary Lincoln who were in mourning for their son, Willie in 1862. American John Howard Payne had written the song for the opera, "Clari-The Maid of Milan," and the music was composed by British composer, Henry Rowley Bishop. Adelina Patti was associated to the song and she was asked to perform it many times. She toured to Russia and South America but continued to make Europe her homebase. She married Marquis de Caux, a frenchman in 1868. Ten years later she purchased a large Victorian estate known as Craig-y-Nos in South Wales, paying 3,500 pd. sterling, a large sum for that time. She had abandoned her husband and took up residence at Craig-y-Nos with the tenor, Ernesto Nicolini with whom she had been touring. She settled divorce with her husband paying him 64,000 pd. sterling, which indicated her wealth in 1886. She married Nicolini and added additions to home in South Wales. Touring the United States between 1886 and 1890 she was paid the equivalent of $1500 for each performance, which made her among the wealthiest women living. Heads of State sought her company wherever she traveled. She was the "international super star" of the 19th century. Adelina Patti died at home in Breconshire at the age of 76 and was buried in Paris in the Pere la Chaise Cemetery. (Kindly contributed by T. Max Hochstetler, June 2007) |
| 19. |  | Camille Silvy n.d. Adelina Patti in Lucia di Lammermoor Carte de visite Paul Frecker Adelina Patti (1843-1919) - Soprano Adelina Juana Maria Patti was born to a Sicilian father and Italian mother on 19 February 1843 in Madrid, Spain. She was the fourth of six chidren born into family highly involved in opera. The family moved to New York in 1847 for opera employment opportunities. Adelina as she was now known made her first appearance on the stage at age seven. At age sixteen in 1859 she made operatic debut in Donizetti's "Lucia." Her vocal range, bell-like clarity and professionalism won her critical acclaim and soon she was being offered leading soprano roles in operas by Bellini, Donizetti, Rossini, Verdi and other Italian composers. The large Italian community in New York helped to elevate her to star status in short time. In 1861, at the age of eighteen, Adelina was invited to Covent Garden in London to take the role of Amina in Bellini's "La Sonnambula." She purchased a house in Clapham, south of London and later appeared in Paris and Vienna. Patti sang "Home Sweet Home" for Abraham and Mary Lincoln who were in mourning for their son, Willie in 1862. American John Howard Payne had written the song for the opera, "Clari-The Maid of Milan," and the music was composed by British composer, Henry Rowley Bishop. Adelina Patti was associated to the song and she was asked to perform it many times. She toured to Russia and South America but continued to make Europe her homebase. She married Marquis de Caux, a frenchman in 1868. Ten years later she purchased a large Victorian estate known as Craig-y-Nos in South Wales, paying 3,500 pd. sterling, a large sum for that time. She had abandoned her husband and took up residence at Craig-y-Nos with the tenor, Ernesto Nicolini with whom she had been touring. She settled divorce with her husband paying him 64,000 pd. sterling, which indicated her wealth in 1886. She married Nicolini and added additions to home in South Wales. Touring the United States between 1886 and 1890 she was paid the equivalent of $1500 for each performance, which made her among the wealthiest women living. Heads of State sought her company wherever she traveled. She was the "international super star" of the 19th century. Adelina Patti died at home in Breconshire at the age of 76 and was buried in Paris in the Pere la Chaise Cemetery. (Kindly contributed by T. Max Hochstetler, June 2007) |
| 20. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 3 July Prince Albert, the Prince Consort Carte de visite Paul Frecker Silvy photographed several members of the British royal family, but the most senior member who ever sat for him was the Prince Consort. Although he kept a room prepared especially for the Queen, she never visited his studio. The following is an extract from Nadar's Quand j'étais photographe (1900) in which Nadar discusses his contemporaries: 'Each visitor had to pass by this room. Its double doors were open, although a tall, beautiful gate of sixteenth-century Florentine wrought ironwork barred entrance to the profane. On the central mantelpiece stood an equestrian statuette in pure silver for which Silvy had paid thirty thousand francs, an impressive sum in those days, to Marochetti, a much favoured sculptor of the time - THE QUEEN!!!…On seeing this, every true Englishman or woman would bow the head in respectful silence, hardly daring to assuage with the merest side-glance that terrible, I do not dare say brutish, requirement of objective curiosity which is one of their natural characteristics. 'No one was to enter the room - except the QUEEN, and no one did enter it: "Not even the Queen" said Silvy, laughing, "because I'm still waiting for her…But never mind, it makes a good impression!" ' |
| 21. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 3 July Princess Victoria, the Princess Royal Carte de visite Paul Frecker Many of Silvy's celebrity portraits were available either in black-and-white or hand-coloured. In black-and-white, the celebrity portraits retailed for 1/6, while the hand-coloured ones cost twice as much, selling for 3/-. Although Silvy's commissioned portraits were relatively expensive - a sitting with Silvy cost 2 guineas, for which sum the client received 40 cartes - his celebrity cartes retailed for approximately the same amount as those produced by his contemporaries. They were directly from the studio, by mail order through a catalogue, or from the concession that Silvy maintained at the Crystal Palace. After this stall was relinquished in March 1864, Silvy's cartes could ordered through Negretti and Zambra at the same venue. In addition, the celebrity cartes were wholesaled to various stockists through A. Marion & Company of Soho Square. |
| 22. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 20 June Edward, Prince of Wales Carte de visite Paul Frecker Silvy had a comparatively large number of royal visitors to his studio in the summer of 1861. On 20 June, the Prince of Wales sat for his portrait. On 3 July, his elder sister, the Crown Princess of Prussia, the Princess Royal, visited the studio with her husband, Crown Prince Friedrich. The following day, their father, the Prince Consort sat for his portrait, and the day after that, on 4 July 1861, Princess Alice sat for a series of portraits. |
| 23. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 4 July Princess Alice Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 24. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 2 June Philippe, Count of Flanders, brother of King Léopold II Carte de visite Paul Frecker Philippe, Count of Flanders, was the younger brother of Léopold II, King of the Belgians. After the early death of Léopold II's only son on 22 January 1869, Philippe was Heir Presumptive to the throne of Belgium until his own death at the Regency Palace in Brussels on 17 November 1905. Four years later the crown passed to his son, who ascended the throne as Albert I. |
| 25. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 10 August Infanta Isabella of Spain, daughter of Queen Isabel II Carte de visite Paul Frecker The daughter of Queen Isabel II of Spain, for two periods, each lasting some six years, she was the Heir Presumptive to the Spanish throne. The most beloved member of the royal family, she was affectionately known by the Spanish people as 'La Chata' [literally, the flat nosed one.] When the Second Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, although she was ill and almost 80, and despite the fact that she could have stayed in Madrid, where she was still enormously popular, she joined the rest of the royal family in exile in Paris. Five days later, she died in the convent at Auteuil on 23 April 1931. |
| 26. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 5 March Duc d'Aumale Carte de visite Paul Frecker Many of the Orléans family visited Silvy's studio regularly during their exile in England, where they settled in houses around the Twickenham area of south-west London. As well as supplying the family with cartes-de-visite, Silvy also produced for them a album of photographs that he took of a fête champêtre at Orléans House, the residence of the Duc and Duchesse d'Aumale in Twickenham, on 1 and 2 June 1864, a "Grand Fancy Bazaar" held in aid of the French Benevolent Society. |
| 27. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Françoise d'Orléans, Prince de Joinville Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Prince de Joinville was the third son of King Louis Philippe. His wife was the sister of Don Pedro II of Brazil. Their son was the Duc de PenthiÞvre. Their daughter, Franþoise, married her cousin, Robert, Duc de Chartres. Princesse Marie was their daughter. |
| 28. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Françoise d'Orléans, Princesse de Joinville Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 29. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Pierre d'Orléans, Duc de Penthiévre Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 30. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 7 May Robert d'Orléans, Duc de Chartres Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 31. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Françoise d'Orléans-Joinville, Duchesse de Chartres Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 32. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Princesse Marie d'Orléans Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 33. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 26 June Le Comte d'Eu et le Duc d'Alenthon Carte de visite Paul Frecker Prince Gaston d'Orléans, Comte d'Eu, and his younger brother, Ferdinand d'Orléans, Duc d'Alenþon, were sons of the Duc de Nemours, and therefore nephews of the Prince de Joinville and the Duc d'Aumale. The young princes are seen here wearing the uniform of the Spanish 'Husares de la Princesa.' |
| 34. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Duchess of Manchester Carte de visite Paul Frecker Luise von Alten married the 7th Duke of Manchester in 1852. The marriage was not a successful one, and when the Duke died in 1890, after a decent interval his widow became the wife of the 8th Duke of Devonshire, whose mistress she had by then been for some thirty years. She was thereafter known as 'the Double Duchess'. An occasional visitor to the French imperial court, her great beauty was praised by Princess Metternich in her memoirs. Consuelo, Duchess of Marlborough, who knew - and detested - her later in life, remembered her differently: 'Rumour had her beautiful, but when I knew her she was a raddled old woman, covering her wrinkles with paint; her pate was a brown wig, her mouth was a red gash'. |
| 35. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Duchess of Wellington Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Duchess of Wellington was the wife of the second Duke. Born Lady Elizabeth Hay, her parents, the Marquess and Marchioness of Tweeddale, were also visitors to Silvy's studio, as was her sister, Lady Jane Hay. From 1843 to 1858 the Duchess of Wellington was a Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria, and from 1861 to 1868, Her Majesty's Mistress of the Robes. The Duchess was again Mistress of the Robes from 1874 to 1880. |
| 36. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Arthur Lennox Carte de visite Paul Frecker The social standing of the visitors to Silvy's studio shifted significantly during the time that Silvy was in London. Juliet Hacking's analysis of the rank of the sitters appearing in volume one, which covers the first nine months of 1860, shows 3 dukes, 8 duchesses, 3 marquesses, 8 marchionesses, 3 counts, 23 countesses, 10 viscounts, 8 viscountesses, 32 lords and 110 ladies, out of some 1300 sitters. Volume eight, which covers the summer of 1862, contains only 2 viscounts, 1 viscountess, 2 lords, and 14 ladies, out of 998 entries. In aristocratic and fashionable circles, the carte had definitely had its day. The later volumes show a very different class of sitter than the early volumes do, comprising portraits of the wives of retired army officers, the sons of provincial clergy, the daughters of merchants, various civil servants and members of the bar, and at least one colliery owner. |
| 37. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Dufferin Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 38. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Castlerosse Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 39. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Galloway and family Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait of Lord Galloway with some of his children is an unusual size, being approximately fifty per cent larger than a regular carte-de-visite. |
| 40. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lady Galloway and family Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait of Lady Galloway with some of her children is approximately fifty per cent larger than a regular carte-de-visite, Several of the prints pasted in the daybooks are a similar size, and of these, a few show the light source, usually the window seen here on the right, though a skylight is also sometimes visible. |
| 41. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Euston and Lord Newport Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait of Lord Euston and Lord Newport shows the two men standing at one of the entrances to the Houses of Parliament. Taken sometime during the summer of 1860, there are some fourteen other portraits in volume one of the Silvy daybooks which were taken at the same location, almost all of which portray Members of Parliament. These portraits, most of which have very similar framing, do not appear sequentially in the daybooks. Instead they were entered in short runs, suggesting that at least six separate visits were made to the location. |
| 42. |  | Camille Silvy 1860 Lord Charles Russell Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait of Lord Charles Russell, the Serjeant-at-Arms to the House of Commons, is a variation of the other portraits that Silvy took at this location, an entrance to the Houses of Parliament, in that it shows the sitter at the opposite edge of the doorway. |
| 43. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 26 June Anthony Lefroy M.P. Carte de visite Paul Frecker Silvy occasionally employed the leather chair seen here in his portraits of Members of Parliament. The back of the chair bears the portcullis, symbol of the Houses of Parliament. |
| 44. |  | Camille Silvy 1863, 27 January Lord George Gordon-Lennox Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 45. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 9 May Bishop Spencer of Ceylon Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Neo-Gothic chair seen in this portrait was only used by Silvy in his portraits of the episcopy. |
| 46. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 5 February Lord Gough of Gujarat Carte de visite Paul Frecker Born in Woodstown, Limerick, Hugh Gough rose to the rank of field-marshal in the British army. He served in the Peninsular War, and was commander-in-chief during the First Opium War. In August 1843 he was created commander-in-chief of the British forces in Indian, and in February 1849, he defeated the Sikhs at the Battle of Gujarat, though his tactics during the war were the subject of an embittered controversy. On his return to England he was created 1st Viscount Gough of Gujarat [spelt 'Goojerat' in the Silvy daybooks.] |
| 47. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 10 May Major FitzMaurice and daughter Carte de visite Paul Frecker Major John FitzMaurice served as a Lieutenant in the Peninsular Campaign during the Napoleonic wars, and was present at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, for which he received the Waterloo medal. In May 1861 he attained the rank of Major-General. |
| 48. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 21 July Charles Randolph Buckle Carte de visite Paul Frecker Charles Randolph Buckle served thirty years in the Royal Artillery, retiring with the rank of Major-General. |
| 49. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 21 July Charles Randolph Buckle Carte de visite Paul Frecker As well as serving thirty years with the Royal Artillery, Charles Randolph Buckle also served under Garibaldi in the campaign of 1860, and was afterwards with the Sardinian Artillery at the siege of Gaeta (wounded). On the same occasion that he visited Silvy's studio and was photographed in the uniform of the Royal Artillery, he also had his portrait taken wearing the Red Shirt of the Garibaldian army. |
| 50. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 7 March Edward Hovell thurlow, Royal Artillery Carte de visite Paul Frecker In the daybooks, this sitter is identified as 'Edward Howell Thurton.' The same sitter appears in civilian clothes in an earlier portrait, only this time his name is given as 'Thurlon Esq.' The inscription in the album in which this portrait was found identified him as 'Edward Thurlow.' Those responsible for compiling the daybooks made several similar mistakes. Although the misspelling of a surname is the most common error, one volume shows the same portrait pasted in several days apart, but under two different names. |
| 51. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 31 March Baron Carlo Marochetti Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Italian sculptor Baron Carlo Marochetti had an internationally successful career. He was made a baron in his native country, was awarded the Legion of Honour in France, and was patronized by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in England, where he worked from 1848. However, his dramatic style, exemplified in his equestrian statue of Richard the Lionheart (1851-60) outside the Houses of Parliament was considered rather flashy in England. A miniature copy of the statue, in bronze, appears next to Marochetti in this portrait. Marochetti and his immediate family visited Silvy's studio on more than one occasion, and Silvy used several of the sculptor's bronzes as props in a large number of his portraits. For an interesting essay on this, see Carlo Marochetti et les photographes in issue number 104 of the Revue de l'Art, published in 1994. |
| 52. |  | Camille Silvy 1860, 10 October Sir Roderick Murchison Carte de visite Paul Frecker The British geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, seen here holding a fossil, was four times President of the Royal Geographical Society. |
| 53. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 21 April James Sant Carte de visite Paul Frecker In 1871 James Sant succeeded Sir George Hayter as Painter-in-Ordinary to the Queen. |
| 54. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 21 July (probable date) Eugène Lejeune Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait of the French painter EugÞne Lejeune does not appear in the Silvy daybooks, although three others do, taken on 21 July 1861. Of these, two show the painter in the process of painting a portrait of Silvy; in the first, he has just started the portrait, and in the second, the portrait, which shows Silvy at half-length against a plain, dark background, holding a pair of white gloves, is almost finished. The painted flat in this portrait, which depicts a ship's deck, appears rarely in the Silvy daybooks, in all less than fifteen times, and with only one other exception, the sitter is always a naval officer or naval cadet. |
| 55. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 24 February Hon. Mrs. Wellesley Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 56. |  | Camille Silvy 1863-1864 (probable) Lady Buxton Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 57. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 19 July Mrs. Grimston Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 58. |  | Camille Silvy 1860, 25 October John Tremayne Carte de visite Paul Frecker John Tremayne was the owner of Heligan House at Mevagissy in Cornwall. Heligan House, meaning 'the willows' in Cornish, has been the seat of the Tremayne family since William Tremayne built the house in 1603. Its magnificent "Lost Gardens" have recently been the subject of an extensive restoration project. Note Mr. Tremayne's orthop'dic shoe. |
| 59. |  | Camille Silvy 1860, 25 October (probable) Hon. Mrs. Tremayne Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Hon. Mary Charlotte Martha Vivian, daughter of the 2nd Baron Vivian, married John Tremayne in 1860. Her portrait does not appear in the daybooks, but was almost certainly taken on the same occasion as her husband's. |
| 60. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 4 June Lady Rashleigh Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 61. |  | Camille Silvy 1863, 17 June Miss Bainbridge Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 62. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 4 June Mrs. Morton Jeffrey Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 63. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 4 April Augusta Williams Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 64. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 24 May Countess Maria de Brimont-Brissac Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 65. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 28 July Miss Wood Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 66. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 13 May Miss Callander Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 67. |  | Camille Silvy 1866 or 1867 Miss Adela Palmer-Morewood Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 68. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 6 June Misses Constance and Bertha Barham Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 69. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 1 June Mrs Spencer Stanhope and Miss Buxton Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 70. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 22 April Misses Eleanor and Constance Williams Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 71. |  | Camille Silvy n.d. Lady Harriet Spencer-Churchill and Miss Jane Spencer-Churchill Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 72. |  | Camille Silvy 1865, 12 April Mrs. G. B. Crawley and child Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 73. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 18 May Mrs. Jane Cartwright and Miss Maud Cartwright Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 74. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 24 February Miss Constance Braham Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 75. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 9 July Miss Dora Turner Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 76. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 24 June Miss Constance Monk Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 77. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 18 April Sons of the Duke of Northumberland Carte de visite Paul Frecker The sons of Algernon George Percy, 6th Duke of Northumberland and his wife, Louisa Harcourt Wortley. Standing: Lord Henry George Percy, later 7th Duke of Northumberland. Seated: Lord Algernon Malcolm Arthur Percy. The sitting appears in the daybooks as the 'children of Lord Lovaine'. Lord Lovaine was the courtesy title of the Duke of Northumberland before he succeeded his father. |
| 78. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 10 October Herbert Conyers Surtees Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 79. |  | Camille Silvy n.d. Lewis Vivian Loyd Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 80. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 30 September Miss Marie Fechter Carte de visite Paul Frecker Miss Marie Fechter was the daughter of the Anglo-German actor Charles Fecthter. |
| 81. |  | Camille Silvy 1862, 16 June Misses Mary and Nora Lees Carte de visite Paul Frecker |
| 82. |  | Camille Silvy 1861, 3 May Hon. Misses Amicia and Florence Monkton-Milnes Carte de visite Paul Frecker The Hon. Misses Monckton-Milnes were daughters of Richard Monckton Milnes, 1st Baron Houghton. Their father had an enormous influence on Victorian literary taste. |
| 83. |  | Camille Silvy 1863, January Rev. R. J. Hodgkinson Carte de visite Paul Frecker Contrary to appearances, this portrait was not taken by Camille Silvy. He is rarely, if ever, acknowledged, but for more than half of the period that Silvy operated his London studio, he had a business party, Auguste Renoult. In 1862, Silvy began the habit of leaving the studio in the hands of others during the winter months, at first in those of Renoult, and after the partnership was dissolved in May 1864, in those of other members of his staff. Silvy placed advertisements in the Times announcing the intended date of his departure each year, and a few months later, the date of his return the following spring. Unfortunately, he did not do this consistently every year, and the only two winters for which we have both the departure date and the return date are the winters of 1862-63 and 1863-64. The missing volume of the daybooks is the one in which portraits for the latter of these periods would appear, so the only portraits we can be certain were not taken by Silvy are those which appear in volume ten of the daybooks, taken in the winter of 1862-63, roughly between 10 October 1862 and 4 March 1863. |
| 84. |  | Camille Silvy 1863, 30 January Rev. Christopher Haggard Carte de visite Paul Frecker This portrait, which we can be certain was not taken by Silvy, since he was out of the country for the entire month in which it was taken, is in all likelihood the work of his partner, Auguste Renoult. |
| 85. |  | Camille Silvy 1863, 30 January Mrs. Helen Haggard Carte de visite Paul Frecker This is a variant of the image from this sitting which appears in Silvy's daybooks, which shows Mrs. Haggard and her husband together, both standing in this set, with a plant-filled jardiniÞre on the table. The quality of this portrait, which was almost certainly taken by Silvy's partner, Auguste Renoult, shows that Silvy's aesthetic sense still imbued the work that was carried out in his absence. |